NAEYC Reflection Essays - Fertility, Embryology, Midwifery

NAEYC Reflection Golden Williamson ECH/205 Walk 27, 2017 Yvonne Gould NAEYC Reflection NAEYC is loaded with various gauges that are critical to comprehend also, figure out how to assist kids with developing and grow fittingly. In the phases of pre-birth improvement, hereditary clutters, and natural impacts on the improvement of an embryo, it is important that we comprehend the association with these turns of events and why they are significant in the beginning of a youngster's life. We as a whole realize that improvement of youngsters begins during early stages however it begins during the pre-birth period. During this time, there are exceptional changes that occurs and it makes ready for the fate of the kid's improvement. There are three principle steps that happen during pre-birth improvement. First is the germinal stage that happens in the initial two weeks after origination. During this stage, the egg and sperm meet; at that point the egg moves to the uterus and starts cell division. After cell division, blastocyst starts with the improvement of skin, anxious, stomach related, respiratory, muscle, and skeletal frameworks. Second is the early stage, this is the second and third month. In this stage, the undeveloped organism isolates into three distinct layers known as the body framework. Inside about a month the head followed by the nose, eyes, mouth, and ears are shaped. At that point the cardiovascular framework starts as the veins and heart become one and makes a heartbeat. All the significant organs are advancement with the exception of the regenerative ones. The last stage is the fetal stage. This stage occurs around the third month of pregnancy until mother conceives an offspring. In this stage the regenerative organs start to create and the child keeps on developing and become more grounded. Towards the finish of the pregnancy, the child will start to get ready for life outside the belly. Their lungs will begin to contract and grow to develop the muscles for relaxing. A few moms take a gander at pre-birth improvement as a typical procedure, however for others there might be a few issues that happen. As a mother, we as a whole expectation that we have a simple and straightforward pregnancy yet that isn't generally the situation. Things can turn out badly, in which are normally hereditary or potentially ecological issues. Some hereditary issues that may happen during the pre-birth advancement might be Down disorder, otherwise called trisomy 21, and is the most normal hereditary oddity that can be resolved during pregnancy. This is brought about by and additional duplicate of the 21st chromosome. There are additionally acquired sicknesses can be another source. Sickle cell iron deficiency is a case of an acquired sickness. There are likewise sex chromosomes issues that can happen for example, Turner disorder. This is brought about by just having one X chromosome. Ecological issue is additionally basic during pre-birth improvement. A harmful condition can influence the embryo when the mother is permitting these hazardous issues to influence her. On the off chance that the mother is utilizing medications and liquor, this can cause issues with the advancement of the hatchling. It is harming the supplements that the embryo is expecting to develop suitably. Maternal ailments can likewise have negative effect on the hatchling. Instances of maternal infections incorporate herpes and AIDS. Herpes infection is the most widely recognized condition that majorly affects the hatchling. It can cause deafness, cerebrum expanding, or mental impediment. The pre-birth period is a period for development and advancement yet it has a incredible defenselessness and ought to be taken with alert, a portion of the risks can be dodged while other cant. It is significant for anticipating that moms should be happy to place their embryo most importantly and deal with themselves as well. While there are additionally a few things that moms can maintain a strategic distance from, hereditary issues might be unavoidable. The best thing that any mother to be can do is to get the best pre-birth care they can and do what they can to make their belly a retreat for the unborn to unwind and develop. References Ecological Impacts on Prenatal Development Source: Boundless. Ecological Impacts on Prenatal Development. Boundless Psychology Unfathomable, 08 Aug. 2016. Recovered 28 Mar. 2017 from https://www.boundless.com/brain science/course readings/unfathomable brain science- course book/human-advancement 14/pre-birth improvement 71/ecological impacts-on-pre-birth improvement. (2017). Recovered from https://www.boundless.com/brain science/course readings/unfathomable brain science- course book/human-advancement 14/pre-birth improvement 71/ecological impacts-on-pre-birth improvement 274-12809/ Phases of Prenatal Development Share. (2017). Recovered from https://www.verywell.com/phases of-pre-birth improvement 2795073 Issues With Prenatal Development. (2017). Recovered from https://www.verywell.com/issues with-pre-birth advancement 2795120 NAEYC Standards for Early Childhood Professional Preparation. (2017). Recovered from http://www.naeyc.org/ecada/principles

Milburn High School Hazing- Argumentative Free Essays

For the last ten to fifteen years, the main day of school at Millburn High School has facilitated an occasion that proceeds with today. Consistently, the â€Å"popular† seniors convey a â€Å"slut list†, slap stickers on student’s backs, blow whistles in appearances, and push understudies into storage spaces. The casualties of these exercises are normally the â€Å"popular† approaching first year recruits. We will compose a custom paper test on Milburn High School Hazing-Argumentative or then again any comparable subject just for you Request Now In 2010, the occasion picked up media consideration and the organization has put forth a valiant effort to cease this tradition.The organization at Millburn High School won't have the option to stop the principal day of school exercises, and, accordingly, ought not be included. The measure of understudies that take an interest and the way that nobody will shout out will make it amazingly hard for anybody to stop this convention. The most compelling component is that there are such huge numbers of understudies that take an interest. This year there was â€Å"†¦the dissemination of a ‘slut list,’ including disgusting portrayals of more than 20 green beans. † (5) Consequently, for each first year recruits required there is in any event one senior that is additionally included. The quantity of individuals that take an interest makes it for all intents and purposes outlandish for any regulatory activity to stop the happenings at Millburn High School. The organization would need to train an immense coterie every year in the senior class. In concerning the â€Å"slut list†, â€Å"When a child says, ‘I simply discovered it on the floor and picked it up,’ it turns into somewhat messier. † (2) The trouble of focusing on every person who partakes should just further dishearten any authoritative association. Moreover, the way that nobody is eager to make some noise causes a difficult issue. We addressed at any rate twelve green beans and about six seniors, and not one individual needed to truly give any names†¦none of the 150 employees detailed seeing any initiation episodes this year†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (3) This is extremely difficult to think considering the measure of understudies taking an interest and the difficulty they apparently ca use. It is basically impractical that nobody saw any kind of â€Å"hazing†. This could be an aftereffect of dread or they don't wish to stop the occasions, alongside first year recruits who are even on the list.How can an organization discipline understudies on the off chance that they don't have any proof that they did anything incorrectly? â€Å"There’s next to no we can truly do if an understudy doesn’t come to us and state this is what occurred. † (2) It basically is beyond the realm of imagination. No just is it a difficult undertaking to stop the main day occasions, however staff ought make an effort not to stop the occasions in any case. An alumni herself even expressed â€Å"I realized that it was an innocuous custom †¦while there truly is no explanation behind seniors to want to apply their control over approaching understudies, it is HARMLESS. (6) Therefore, it ought not be considered right of passage. â€Å"There have been no reports of wounds requiring clinical attention†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (2) Yet, in numerous other seconda ry schools approaching first year recruits are truly mishandled and freely embarrassed, which ought to be named preliminaries. A moronic rundown and being pushed into storage spaces or whistles blown in countenances ought not. No, genuine inception is a whole lot more terrible. The organization should just be liable for monitoring the occasions; nonetheless, not disposing of the convention all together.In end, the Millburn High School â€Å"hazing†, which has been going on for ten to fifteen years at this point, has been made a huge deal about. â€Å"†¦they’re taking stuff and contorting it†¦really it’s all good times. † (1) The organization of the school won't have the option to stop the occasions because of the measure of individuals included and the way that nobody will make some noise. They ought do whatever it takes not to stop it, simply control it. The rookies of 2010 ought to have the option to proceed with the convention when they are the seniors of 2014. It is basically an innocuous custom that should simply be disregarded. Step by step instructions to refer to Milburn High School Hazing-Argumentative, Papers

Hi, Im New Here

Hi, I’m New Here This past Sunday night, my friend Hanna 10 and I did our first radio show with WMBR, MITs campus radio station. Our shows pretty straightforward, actually play some good music for people to enjoy while they work on their psets due the next morning, crack a bad joke or two (and when were on a roll, even the occasional good one), put on long stretches of music when weve run out of nervous banter and cant think of anything to do but yell, OH MY GOD WEVE NEVER DONE THIS BEFORE WHAT NOW WHAT NOW WHAT NOW?!, all that. Of course, we both ran around panicking like little girls for about a week beforehand. What if we screwed up every three seconds and ended up with more dead air than anything else in our two-hour set? What if we both sounded like bumbling idiots on the air would anyone be convinced if we said it was due to a severe lack of social skills (um, yeah! Thats right! We never really learned how to talk to people or into microphones), or would they see through our lies and realize that we had absolutely no clue what was going on? What if our music collections really arent that good at all? Anyone looking for their college radio fix at midnight on a Sunday would be subjected to two hours of torture from us, and the following backlash would be so immense that wed be known as those two frosh who somehow managed to ruin the reputation of the entire radio station all in one go. Great. Now look what wed up and done. What were they thinking when they gave us the time slot in the first place?! Didn t they realize what they were about to do? Irrational, you say? Um, sure. Go on ahead. We prefer the term fixated now it sounds like there isnt anything wrong at all! Perfect. I promise, Im not insanely worried about everything this way. With that said, Ill leave you to wonder whether or not this blog is eliciting the same level of panic while I introduce myself. My name is Keri Garel, and Im a member of the class of 2010. (Yeah. Im new here. Lets hear it for built-in excuses for not knowing whats going on!) I was born in Jamaica, but I moved to the Miami/Fort Lauderdale area in Florida at age seven. (Kellas 10 from England, who lives a floor above me, says this makes me half an international student. I dont agree. Yet.) Notice the aforementioned locations. Jamaica. Florida and the very tip of it at that. Im still struggling to understand this concept of it being cold (whaaaaaaat?!); Ive never even seen snow, so its a sure bet that Ill be the girl running around in the courtyard screaming at the first sign of flakes. Yes, Ill do it even if there are only maybe three and a half of them and they melt before they even reach the ground. Its the principle of the thing. I live in Senior Haus, which is awesome. (You mean I dont live on Conner 2? Wow, and there you were thinking that it was a prerequisite to be a blogger by now, what with these three cool people living there.) We host Steer Roast every year. We have a tire swing. Enough said. Among other activities, I was a devoted slave to my high schools Drama Club, acting in plays and musicals for two years before I switched to the dark side and became a techie. (Power tools are my friend.) This has carried over to college, where Im a cast member of the Musical Theatre Guilds fall production of Children of Eden. They cast me as Young Cain, which only reinforces the fact that no matter how seventeen I am, the rest of the world will still be convinced that Im twelve. In addition to MTG, Im in the middle of training to become one of MITs Medlinks. I sit with this blogger while we learn about how to deal with everything from cuts and scrapes to stress and alcohol poisoning. From midnight to 2 AM on Sundays, theres the radio show I went to pieces about earlier. Its actually pretty good, but we werent convinced of that until the end of the first show. Things happen that way sometimes, you know? I have a general idea of what I want to do with my life, also known as a double major in Courses 9 (Brain and Cognitive Sciences) and 5 (Chemistry). Then again, a million people come here with a set plan in mind and they end up changing their minds entirely, so who knows? Im hoping that this will give me the necessary background to go into cancer research and become a lab monkey, making me quite possibly the only frosh in course 9 who doesnt want to go to med school. I like brains. I like chem. Upperclassmen have said that 9/5 is a reasonable possibility. If they turn out to be wrong, though, its absolutely fine. This is MIT. Many of us have spent years being told that we were the best and smartest people ever ever ever, and that wont hold when were with four thousand other students just like us. I dont have to be the best at everything. Neither do you. Its kind of a relief, actually. Everyone else has done one of those lets give you a random fact or twelve about me things, and now that its my turn, Ive blanked almost entirely. I do, however, like pie. A lot. Its a running joke with nearly everyone I know, actually. They announced me that way at one point during my high school graduation Keri likes pie. Formal, that one. I also do ballet on the side, and Im just getting into photography. Theyre fun. Do those count? So with a far-too-long introduction, youve all been sucked into my freshman year at MIT. I could tell you what happens next, but that would just spoil the surprise. Also, I dont know about it myself, but if I pretend I do, then you just might believe me. Or not. But lets humor me here. Please.

Reflection, Activities of Daily Living - 1446 Words

For the purpose of this essay the Kolb’s model of reflection (1984) has been chosen as a guide to reflect on administration of oxygen therapy. Administration of oxygen therapy is the aspect of nursing practice that I selected as a result of completing the case-based learning scenarios. I will explain how the administration of oxygen therapy can have an effect on a patient’s activities of daily living (ADL), including some of the psychological and ethical issues. Breathing is the selected ADL that has been chosen to demonstrate how I implemented the aspect of nursing practice on clinical placement. Changes have been made to protect the anonymity and maintain confidentiality of the patient and clinical placement, in accordance with the NMC†¦show more content†¦Before my recent clinical placement I had some awareness on how specific illnesses such as CODP could affect a patients breathing, hence impairing quality of life, however I did not realise the impact short ness of breath could have on a patients’ emotional and physical state. If a patient is struggling physically to cope it is quite easy for a healthcare professional to observe and as a result provide the correct level of support, however a patient’s psychological condition can not be as easily observed, so it is up to the healthcare professional to ask and monitor any recognised changes in a patient’s behaviour (DH 2010b). I was aware of the positive effects that oxygen therapy could have on a patient’s health and wellbeing, but lacked the necessary knowledge regarding the negative effects of administering an inaccurate amount of oxygen to a patient (NMC 2006e). Oxygen is potentially a dangerous drug if administered inaccurately, for example over oxygenation of a patient suffering from COPD can result in patient fatality (National Patient Safety Agency 2009a). My mentor briefly explained how some patient’s respiratory drive depends on their level of hypoxia rather than the normal dependency on hypercapnia and this is why patient’s with COPD should be given oxygen with caution as it canShow MoreRelatedReflection to the Book of Daniel and Revelation1749 Words   |  7 PagesNorthern Luzon Adventist College Artacho, Sison, Pangasinan __________ A Reflection Paper for the Subject Daniel and Revelation by: Jefferson Mendoza Daniel 1 Chapter Summary Daniel chapter 1 tells a story of a 4 young wise men named Daniel, Meshach, Shadrach and Abed-nego. They were captivated and brought in into the King’s palace for a grate purpose. However, that purpose is the plan of God for His teachings to be known and thought in the place of Babylon. God had chosen these four youngRead MoreThe Teachings Of Buddhism And Buddhism1665 Words   |  7 Pagesignorance and will remain awakened to brace life. That principle of the Buddha could be associated with a human being s way of life and reasoning. Regardless of our religious doctrines, Gautama’s teachings explain the basic characters that every living being should embrace and put in practice in order to understand life. Various religious experts and philosophers have developed various notions and opinions about the teachings of Gautama. For instance, Christian believers differ with Buddha’s definitionRead MoreTransformative Learning Theory : Learning Theories975 Words   |  4 Pageschange and liberation. Boyd’s extrarational approach considers the emotional and soul-filled dimensions of transformational learning. Boyd says that a transformation leads to more integrated self. Mezirow’s cognitive/rational lens emphasizes reflection on previously held assumptions about the world to arrive at a new world view. Mezirow defines a 10-step process to perspective transformation the first is experiencing a â€Å"disorienting dilemma†, second the experience of fear, guilt, anger,Read MoreCommunity and Public Health Nursing Reflection Essay977 Words   |  4 Pagesï » ¿ Community and Public Health Nursing Reflection Courtney Austin NUR/405 8/11/2014 Community and Public Health Nursing Reflection Maricopa community schools are the local schools for the Gila River Indian Community. Native American children attending these schools are generally obese and do not participate in extra-curricular activities. The Leading Health Indicator (LHI) that applies is Children and adolescents who are considered obese. Recognizing this LHI, nursing diagnoses canRead MoreCommunity Engagement : A Form Of Experiential Education1520 Words   |  7 Pagescommunity service combining instruction and reflection to enrich the learning experience, teach civic responsibility and strengthen the communities. (The National Service Learning Clearinghouse, n.d.) The quote below from Vanderbilt University’s Janet S. Eyler (winner of the 2003 Thomas Ehrlich Faculty Award for Service Learning) and Dwight E. Giles, Jr. defines it as â€Å"a form of experiential education where learning occurs through a cycle of action and reflection as students. . . seek to achieve realRead MoreReflection On Psychol ogy1525 Words   |  7 PagesVideo Reflection #2 Breyanna Hiebert University of British Columbia Video Reflection #2 Looking back at my second video assignment for this class, I am satisfied with how far I have come since the beginning of the school year with my counseling skills. In this video, I completed a 20-minute session, with the 7:45 minute mark indicating when we finished contracting and began issue exploration. After this, we explored my client’s struggles with anxiety and how it is impacting her daily living. InRead MoreWhat Do You Hope?915 Words   |  4 Pageslifestyle and by attending this program, it will give me the respect to the people that goes through this process on a daily basis. Some of the things that will give me the cross- cultural respect are by staying in the hostel around Europe. By staying in a hostel, I will experience how the host treats us like we are their family. †¢ You will be in class for several hours every day and have daily homework. How will you balance your desire to explore London and other European countries with the need to studyRead MoreCareer Jornal (Morgue Assistant and 911 operator and toxicologist1171 Words   |  5 Pagesbody Responsible for finding information as to the nature of a suspicious death Collect clues to as how the death occurs Maintaining the morgue room, supplies and equipment. Record any identifying information for the patients morgue file Daily Activities Prepare and sterilize the morgue and its equipment Employed by hospitals, morgues and funeral homes Bring in the body and prepare it for autopsy with the pathologist/ medical examiner Tag and document possessions of the deceased Label andRead MoreThe Quiet Room : A Journey Out Of The Torment Of Madness1464 Words   |  6 Pagesschizophrenia extends in these chapters to include reflection of the effect on Lori’s family. Who express their experiences and coping mechanisms in the book as both a member the Schiller family, and as an individual about the uncertainties brought on by Lori’s schizophrenia. By the end of the book Lori has not only explained the trials she overcame and continues to overcome on a daily basis, but gives the readers an understanding of what living with schizophrenia, or supporting a family member thatRead MoreQualitative Critique Of A Qualitative Study1207 Words   |  5 PagesShenandoah University What was the purpose of the study? The purpose of this qualitative study was to describe how occupational therapists’ involved client-centred activities in daily living (CADL) in their practice. This was done by reviewing the therapist’s experiences and reflections about their interaction with clients that suffered from a stroke. The study involved coding of three categories. These categories included: 1) Sharing an understanding as the point of departure

Using the Comma in Spanish

Most of the time, the comma in Spanish is used much like the comma in English. However, there are some differences, particularly in numbers and in comments that are inserted within sentences. Using Commas to Separate Items in a Series Unlike in English, where the Oxford comma  is optionally  used before the final item in a series, a comma is not used before the final item of a series when it follows the conjunction e, o, ni, u or y. El libro explicaba de una forma concisa, sencilla y profunda la crisis financiera. The book explained the financial crisis in a concise, simple and profound way. (In English, a comma could optionally be added after simple.)Mezcle bien con las papas, los huevos y las remolachas. (Mix well with the potatoes, eggs, and beets.) ¿Quieres tres, dos o una? (Do you want three, two, or one?) If an item in a series has a comma within it, you should use a  semicolon. Using Commas for  Explanatory Phrases and Apposition The rule on explanatory phrases is much the same as it is in English. If a phrase is used to explain what something is like, it is set off by commas. If it is used to define which something is being referred to, it is not. For example, in the sentence El coche que està ¡ en el garaje es rojo (The car that is in the garage is red), commas are not needed because the explanatory phrase (que està ¡ en el garaje/that is in the garage) is telling the reader which car is being discussed. But punctuated differently, the sentence el coche, que està ¡ en el garaje, es rojo (the car, which is in the garage, is red) uses the phrase not to tell the reader which car is being discussed but to describe where it is. An overlapping concept is that of apposition, in which a phrase or word (usually a noun) is immediately followed by another phrase or word that in the context means the same thing,  is similarly punctuated much as in English. El hombre, quien tiene hambre, quiere verte. (The man, who is hungry, wants to see you. The phrase quien  tiene hambre is being used to describe the man, not to define which man is being talked about.)El hombre en el cuarto quiere verte. (The man in the room wants to see you. No comma is needed because en el cuarto is being used to say which man is being talked about.)Amo a mi hermano, Roberto. I love my brother, Roberto. (I have one brother, and he is named Roberto.)Amo a mi hermano Roberto. I love my brother Roberto. (I have more than one brother, and I love Roberto.)Conozco a Julio Iglesias, cantante famoso. (I know Julio Iglesias, the famous singer.)Conozco al cantante famoso  Julio Iglesias. (I know the famous singer Julio Iglesias. The speaker is assuming that the listener doesnt know who Iglesias is.) Using Commas to Set Off Quotes When quotation marks are used, the comma goes outside the quotation marks, unlike in American English. Los familiares no comprendieron la ley, aclarà ³ el abogado. (The family members did not understand the law, the lawyer clarified.)Muchos no saben distinguir las dos cosas, dijo à lvarez. (Many do not know how to distinguish the two things, Alvarez said.) Using Commas With Exclamations Commas can be used to set off exclamations that are inserted within a sentence. In English, the equivalent would normally be accomplished with long dashes. El nuevo presidente,  ¡no lo creo!, es oriundo  de Nueva York. The new president — I cant believe it! — is a native of New York. Using Commas Before Some Conjunctions A comma should precede conjunctions that mean except.  These words are excepto, salvo and menos: Nada hay que temer, excepto el miedo. (There is nothing to fear except fear.)Recibà ­ felicitaciones de todos, salvo de mi jefe. (I was congratulated by everyone except for my boss.)Fueron aceptados por todas las autoridades, excepto el vice presidente.  (They were accepted by all the authorities, except the vice president.) Using Commas After Some Adverbs A comma should separate adverbs or adverbial phrases that affect the meaning of the entire sentence from the rest of the sentence.  Such words and phrases often come at the beginning of a sentence, although they can also be inserted. Por supuesto, no puedo comprenderlo. (Of course, I cant understand it.)Por lo contrario, la realidad argentina no difiere de la dominicana.  (To the contrary, the Argentine reality doesnt differ from the Dominican reality.)Naturalmente, gana mucho dinero. Naturally, he earns a lot of money. (Without the comma, the Spanish sentence would become the equivalent of He naturally earns a lot of money, so that naturalmente would describe just the word gana rather than the entire sentence.)Sin embargo, pienso que eres muy talentosa.  (Nevertheless, I think youre very talented.)El trà ¡fico de bebà ©s, desgraciadamente, es una realidad.  (The trafficking of babies, unfortunately, is a reality.) Using Commas in Compound Sentences It is not unusual to join two sentences into one, often with y in Spanish or and in English. A comma should also be used before the conjunction. Roma es el centro espiritual del catolicismo, y su centro ha sido declarado Patrimonio de la Humanidad por UNESCO.  (Rome is the spiritual center of Catholicism, and its center has been declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site.)Muchos lagos se forman por la obstruccià ³n de valles debido a avalanchas, y tambià ©n se puede formar un lago artificialmente por la construccià ³n de una presa.  (Many lakes are formed by the obstruction of valleys due to avalanches, and a lake also can be formed artificially by the construction of a dam.) If a compound sentence is very short, the comma can be omitted: Te amo y la amo. (I love you and I love her.) Using the Decimal Comma In Spain, South America and parts of Central America, the comma and period are used in long numbers in the opposite way that they are in American English. Thus 123,456,789.01 in English becomes  123.456.789,01  in most areas where Spanish is used. However, in Mexico, Puerto Rico and parts of Central America, the convention used in American English is followed. When Not to Use the Comma Perhaps one of the most common misuses of the comma in Spanish by English speakers is its use in salutations in  letters. In Spanish, the salutation should be followed by a  colon. Thus letters should begin, for example, with Querido Juan: rather than following  Juan  with a comma. Also, as a general rule, as in English, a comma should not be used to separate the subject of a sentence from the main verb unless necessary to separate words of apposition or intervening phrases. Correct: El aà ±o pasado era muy difà ­cil. (The past year was very difficult.)Incorrect: El aà ±o pasado, era muy difà ­cil. (The past year, was very difficult.)

Hkcee Past Paper Free Essays

hk FOR TEACHERS’ USE ONLY HONG KONG EXAMINATIONS AND ASSESSMENT AUTHORITY HONG KONG DIPLOMA OF SECONDARY EDUCATION EXAMINATION PRACTICE PAPER MATHEMATICS COMPULSORY PART PAPER 1 ( ) PROVISIONAL MARKING SCHEME This marking scheme has been prepared by the Hong Kong Examinations and Assessment Authority for teachers’ reference. Teachers should remind their students NOT to regard this marking scheme as a set of model answers. Our examinations emphasise the testing of understanding, the practical application of knowledge and the use of processing skills. We will write a custom essay sample on Hkcee Past Paper or any similar topic only for you Order Now Hence the use of model answers, or anything else which encourages rote memorisation, will not help students to improve their learning nor develop their abilities in addressing and solving problems. The Authority is counting on the co-operation of teachers in this regard. Hong Kong Examinations and Assessment Authority All Rights Reserved 2012 PP-DSE-MATH-CP 1? 1 Â © , , , , , ,? , , , FOR TEACHERS’ USE ONLY , , ? ? ? ? ? , ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? , ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?, ? ? ? ? ? ? , ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? , ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? , ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?, ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? : , , , , , , , , ? ) ? ? ? ? ? ? ( ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? , ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? , , , , ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ; ? ; ? , ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ) ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ( ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? , , , , , , , ;? , , , , a. M A (u) 1 PP-DSE-MATH-CP 1? 2 8. 1. 3. 4. 7. 5. 2. 6. c. d. b. u-1 pp-1 M (1) 1 A (pp) M (2) u FOR TEACHERS’ USE ONLY FOR TEACHERS’ USE ONLY pp 1 1 1 (1) (1) A (2) (2) (m 5 n ? 2 ) 6 m 4 n ? 3 m 30 n ? 2 FOR TEACHERS’ USE ONLY 1. = = m 4 n ? 3 m30 ? 4 n12 ? 3 1M 1M 1A ———-(3) m 26 = n9 2. 1M 1M 1A 3ab = 2b ? 5 2b ? 5 a= 3b 1M 1M 1A ———-(3) 3. (a) 9 x 2 ? 42 xy + 49 y 2 1A (b) 9 x 2 ? 42 xy + 49 y 2 ? 6 x + 14 y 1M 1A ———-(3) PP-DSE-MATH-CP 1? 3 FOR TEACHERS’ USE ONLY = (3x ? 7 y ) 2 ? 2(3x ? 7 y ) = (3x ? 7 y )(3 x ? 7 y ? 2) = (3x ? 7 y ) 2 ? 6 x + 14 y = (3x ? 7 y ) 2 5+b 3b 3b ? (5 + b) a= 3b 2b ? 5 a= 3b a = 1? ? 5+b = 3b 1? a 5 + b = 3b(1 ? a) ? 5+b = 3b 1? a 5 + b = 3b(1 ? a) 5 + b = 3b ? 3ab 3b(1 ? a) a 3b(1 ? a) a (a) ? ap = a p ? q a ? (ab) p = a pb p (a p )q = a pq ap 1 = q? p q a a ? ? ? ? 4. $x x (80%) = 360 (1 + 30%) 360(1. 3) x= 0. 8 x = 585 FOR TEACHERS’ USE ONLY pp? 1 1M + 1M 1M+1M+1A 1A u? 1 = 1M+1M+1A 1M + 1M 1A u? 1 ———-(4) 5 . x y pp? 1 ?x 4 ? = ? y 3 ? 7 x + 9 y = 11 ? 1A+1A 1A u? 1 x pp? 1 1A+1M+1A 1A y= u? 1 ———-(4) PP-DSE-MATH-CP 1? 4 FOR TEACHERS’ USE ONLY , ? , x= 4 5 1A 0. 8 4 5 ? ? ? 3x ? 7 x + 9 ? ? = 11 ? 4 ? 4 5 ? ? ? ? 3x ? 7 x + 9 ? ? = 11 ? 4 ? 4 x= 5 1M 0. 8 ? ? 360 (1 + 30%) 80% = $ 585 ? ? $ 585 x (80%) 360 (1 + 30%) 360 (1 + 30%) 80% ? ? ? ? , ? , , , ? x y 3x + 1M 4 7 x + 9 y = 11 6. (a) ? AOC = 337Â ° ? 157Â ° = 180Â ° A O FOR TEACHERS’ USE ONLY 1M C 1A (b) BO ? AC ? ABC = 1 (13 + 15)(14) 2 = 196 1M 1A ———-(4) 7. 180Â ° ? 36Â ° 2 ? ABC = 72Â ° ? ABC = 1A u? 1 180Â ° ? 36Â ° 2 ? ACB = 72Â ° ? BCD = 90Â ° ? ACB = ?ACD = 90Â ° ? 72Â ° = 18Â ° ? ABD = ? ACD = 18Â ° 1A u? 1 ———-(4) PP-DSE-MATH-CP 1? 5 FOR TEACHERS’ USE ONLY ? ? BAC = ? BDC = 36Â ° AB = AC ? ACB = ? ABC 1M 1M 1A ?ABD = ? ABC ? CBD = 72Â ° ? 54Â ° = 18Â ° ? ? ?BCD = 90Â ° ? CBD = 180Â ° ? 90Â ° ? 36Â ° = 54Â ° ? BAC = ? BDC = 36Â ° AB = AC ? ACB = ? ABC 1A 1M 1M ? AOC ? ? ? , ? , , ? , ? , , ? ? ? ? , ? ? ? 8. (a) FOR TEACHERS’ USE ONLY 1A pp–1 1A P pp–1 (b) ( x , y) ( x ? 3) 2 + ( y ? 4) 2 = ( x ? 5) 2 + ( y ? (? 2)) 2 1M+1A 1A A? B ? ? 3 + 5 4 + (? 2) ? =? , ? 2 ? 2 ? = (4 , 1) 1M A? B? 4 ? (? 2) = 3? 5 = ? 3 1A 1A ———-(5) 9. (a) =5? 5 =0 2? 2 1M 1A = 5? 2 =3 (b) 1A 1A ———-(5) PP-DSE-MATH-CP 1? 6 FOR TEACHERS’ USE ONLY ? , ? ? ? , ? , ? , r =9 9 + 8 12 + s s 12 1A ———-(2) PP-DSE-MATH-CP 1? 8 FOR TEACHERS’ USE ONLY ? , , ? , , ? 16 ? 2 2 = 7 km/h 76 = 12 2 = 6 km/h x 12 = 78 120 x = 7 . 8 78 : 120 = 63 ? 32 = 31 1M 1A u? 1 ———-(2) ? ? , ? ? 13. (a) FOR TEACHERS’ USE ONLY pp? 1 n 6 3 = n 20 n = 40 1M k = 40 ? 6 ? 11 ? 5 ? 10 =8 (b) (i) 1M 1A ———-(3) 1M 1A u? 1 = (ii) m pp? 1 1M 1A ———-(4) PP-DSE-MATH-CP 1? 9 FOR TEACHERS’ USE ONLY , 5 + m (45)(2) = 40 + m 360 20 + 4m = 40 + m 3m = 20 20 3 5 (360Â °) 40 = 45Â ° 5+m n+m ? ? ? ? 14. (a) ? BCD ~ ? OA D FOR TEACHERS’ USE ONLY 2A ———-(2) 1M 1M (b) (i) (b) 1M AD CD ( 0 , 4) pp–1 1M 1M (ii) AC OABC (3 , 2 ) OABC OABC k1 k2 ?0 + 0 + k1 (0) + k 2 (0) + k3 = 0 ? ? 2 2 ? 6 + 0 + k1 (6) + k 2 (0) + k3 = 0 ? 2 2 ? 0 + 4 + k1 (0) + k 2 (4) + k 3 = 0 ? 2 2 1M 1A ———-(7) OABC x + y ? 6x ? 4 y = 0 PP-DSE-MATH-CP 1? 10 FOR TEACHERS’ USE ONLY 2 2 k1 = ? 6 k 2 = ? 4 k3 = 0 ? ? ? ? , x + y + k1 x + k 2 y + k3 = 0 k3 2 2 ? ( x ? 3) 2 + ( y ? 2) 2 = 13 ? (3 ? 0) + (4 ? 2) 2 = 13 2 1A x 2 + y 2 ? 6x ? 4 y = 0 1M ? ? ? ? ? ? ? , , ? , ? ? , ? ? , ? , ) ( h 2 ? 24h + 80 = 0 h=4 h = 20 C 1A ( ) ? ? ? 12 ? h ? ? 2 2 ? 6 + 12 ? ? = 16 ? 45 ? 2 ? , ? ? ? C (0 , h) 16 ? CD ? ? ? = 45 ? AD ? 2 ? ? 15. (a) FOR TEACHERS’ USE ONLY s 36 ? 48 = ? 2 s s=6 1M 6 6 ? 48 6 =3 = 1A ———-(2) (b) 1 ———-(2) PP-DSE-MATH-CP 1? 11 FOR TEACHERS’ USE ONLY 1M 1A ? , , , ? ? , , ? ? 16. (a) FOR TEACHERS’ USE ONLY = 1M 1A = 1A ———-(2) 0. 112 (b) 1M 1A = = = 30 C4 1M 1A 1M 1A 1M 1A ———-(2) = 530 609 PP-DSE-MATH-CP 1? 12 FOR TEACHERS’ USE ONLY ? 18 12 11 10 ? ? 18 17 12 11 ? ? 18 ? ? 17 16 ? ? 12 ? = 4 ? ? + 6 ? ? + 4 ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 30 29 28 27 ? ? 30 29 28 27 ? ? 30 ? ? 29 28 ? ? 27 ? ? 68 ? 2 11 10 9 ? ? ? ? 609 ? 30 29 28 27 ? 530 = 609 = 1? 530 609 18 12 18 12 18 12 C1 C3 + C 2 C2 + C3 C1 530 609 ? = 1? 12 68 C4 ? 30 609 C 4 1 – (a) – p1 0. 870 3 0. 870 1 – (a) – p2 0. 870 14 0. 870 , ? ? 18 17 16 15 ? = ? ? ? 30 29 28 27 ? 68 = 609 1M 68 609 0. 112 ? r r ? 1 r ? 2 r ? 3 ? ? ? n n ? 1 n ? 2 n ? 3 ? ? ? ? 18 C4 30 C4 r 9 000 000 1 ? 0 . 8 (0. 8) n 0. 1 n log 0. 8 log 0. 1 n log 0. 1 log 0. 8 n 10. 31885116 11 n 1M 1A (ii) 1A (iii) = ( ( ) 1M )( ) 1 M 1A ———(10) PP-DSE-MATH-CP 1? 16 FOR TEACHERS’ USE ONLY ? 2 000 000 (1 ? (0. 8) m ) 4 000 000 (1 ? (0. 64) m ) ? 0 m (0. 8) ? 1 0 m ? 2 000 000(1 ? (0. 8) m ) 4 000 000(1 ? (0. 64) m ) ? 1 ? 0 . 8 1 ? 0. 64 10 ? ? = 10 000 000 ? (1 ? (0. 8) m ) ? (1 ? (0. 64) m ) ? 9 ? ? 10 ? ? = 10 000 000 ? (1 ? (0. 8) m ) ? (1 ? (0. 8) 2m ) ? 9 ? ? 10 000 000 m 2 m = 10 ((0. 8) ) ? 9(0. 8) ? 1 9 10 000 000 = 10 (0. 8) m + 1 (0. 8) m ? 1 9 m (0. 8) m 0 (0. 8) m 1 1M 2 000000 + 2 000000(1 ? 20%) + 2 000000(1 ? 20%)2 + L 2 000 000 = 1 ? 0. = 10 000 000 $ 10 000 000 1M 2 000000 + 2 000000(1 ? 20%) + L + 2 000000(1 ? 20%)n? 1 9 000000 $ 9 000 000 ? ? ? , , , ? , , ? , ? ? FOR TEACHERS’ USE ONLY 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. A C A D D 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. C B D A B D A A B C D C A D C C B C D B D B A B C 36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45. FOR TEACHER S’ USE ONLY D B C D A B A C A C B A B D C How to cite Hkcee Past Paper, Essay examples

Ratio Analysis and Capital Budgeting

Question: Calculate some ratios for your firm (and also its economic profit) and assessing its business performance. Answer: Net profit margin: This is the ratio that helps in the calculation of the return on the sales. This is the profitability ratio which measures the amount of the return that the company is earning on the sales that is being generated by the company. The net income also compares the net income and the net sales of the company. The profit margin shows the % of the sales that is left after the payment of all the expenses (Accounting course, 2016). Net profit after tax/sales -4.8% 3.7% 2.6% 7.6% The above merely shows that the company is earning losses. The company was earning profits during the early years but the operations are being carried out wherein the company is earning losses. The company is incurring losses which means that the company consuming all its profits and all the necessary measures must be undertaken so that the company could start earning profits again. Return on assets: This is the ratio which is also known by the name of return on the total assets which is the profitability ratio. This measures the income which has been produced by the total average assets by the company. In the other words, the return on the assets helps in the measurement of the way in which the company is managing the assets for the purposes of profits during the period under review (Accounting course, 2016). Net profit after tax/total assets -2.0% 1.6% 1.3% 3.5% The above merely shows that the company is earning losses. The company was earning profits during the early years but the operations are being carried out wherein the company is earning losses. The company is incurring losses which means that the company consuming all its profits and all the necessary measures must be undertaken so that the company could start earning profits again. The stated ratio shall improve only when the net income earned by the company has improved. Days of inventory: This is the ratio which helps in the measurement of the number of days the company takes to sell the inventory. The lesser this ratio, the better it is for the company (Accounting course, 2016). Total asset turnover ratio: This is the efficiency ratio and helps in the measurement of the ability of the company to generate the sales from the employment of the assets. This helps in the comparison of the net sales with the total assets of the company. This helps in the measurement of the efficiency of the company when it comes to the use of the assets for the purposes of generation of the sales (Accounting course, 2016). Sales/total assets 0.41 0.44 0.50 0.46 The above ratio listed above shows that a decrease which is not good for the company since it means that the company is not putting enough efforts for the purposes of generating sales whereas the company should since the company evolves for generation of the profits. Current ratio: This is the ratio which is the liquidity ratio and helps in the measurement of the ability of the company to meet the liabilities that are short term in nature. This is done with the help of the current assets. The current liabilities are paid off using the current assets of the company. Current assets/current liabilities 1.03 0.68 0.51 0.42 The company with the greater amount of the current assets is able to pay off the short term liabilities in the shorter duration of the time. The company shows an increasing current ratio which is good since that means that the company is able to clear off its current liabilities with the help of the current assets (Accounting course, 2016). Debt equity ratio: This is the financial or the liquidity ratio which means shows the % of the financing of the company coming from the creditors and the investors. When this ratio is high, it shows that more bank loans are being used than the financing by the investors (Accounting course, 2016). Debt/equity 48.7% 32.0% 25.1% 20.8% The above shows that more amount of debt is being used which is not good because more debt means more risk for the company. Increased usage of the debt in the business means an increased amount of payment of the interest on the debt that has been borrowed. Equity ratio: This is the ratio that is the leverage or the solvency ratio of the company. This ratio helps in the measurement of the amount of the assets that are financed by the investment by the owners. This is achieved by the way of comparing the amount of the total equity invested in the company to the total assets. This ratio highlights two of the crucial components of the investment wherein the first is the total amount of the assets of the company that are owned by the investors of the company (My accounting course, 2016). Equity/total assets 80.6% 85.6% 94.9% 98.2% There has been a decrease in the equity ratio which indicates that the total assets of the company are being financed by the funds of the equity shareholders which in turn means that the debt is being used for the purposes of financing the assets of the company. This is not a god indication due to the reason that the increased debt shows more interest on the debt that has been borrowed for the company. Earnings per share: This is the ratio which is the earnings per share of the company. This is the market prospect ratio of the company. This is also known as the income per share and helps in the measuring of the amount of the money on each share of the company. It means the amount of the earnings on each share in case all the profits are distributed on the shares that are outstanding (My accounting course, 2016). Net profit after tax/nos of issued ordinary shares (0.60) 0.48 0.35 1.03 This means that the dividend per share is decreasing with each passing years. This shows lack of profits being earned by the company. Dividends per share: This is the sum that has been declared as the dividends for each of the ordinary shares that has been issued. This is computed by the amount of the dividends divided by the number of the equity shares that are outstanding. Dividends/number of issued ordinary shares 0.73 0.58 0.48 0.88 There has been a decrease in the amount of the dividend that has been earned during the year. This merely shows that the company is earning a lesser amount of the dividend on each of the shares that are outstanding. Price earnings ratio: This is the ratio whose short form is the P/E ratio. This is the market prospect ratio of the company which helps in the calculation of the market value of the stock to the relative earnings of the company. This ratio is compared with the market price of each of the share (My accounting course, 2016). Return on equity: The return on the equity is the ratio which is the profitability ratio. This helps in the measurement of the ability of the firm which is the generation of the profits from the investment of the shareholders in the company. This is the amount of the profit that has been earned by the investment of the equity into the company and it helps in the generation of the profits of the company (My accounting course, 2016). Comprehensive Income/shareholders' equity -2.45% 1.85% 1.35% 3.56% The above shows that the return has reduced. And it is due to this fact that the return on the equity has become negative. Return on net operating assets: This is the rate of the return on the assets that are operating. It helps the management in minimising the other asses in the books of account that is contributing to the revenue being generated by the company (Accounting tools, 2016). Operating income after tax (OI)/net operating assets (NOA) -0.96% 2.54% 2.25% 4.43% This shows that the operating income has become negative and the main reason behind the same is the decreasing operating income being earned by the company. Net borrowing cost: This is the borrowing cost of the company. This must be at the level wherein the interest on the borrowed capital is at the same level as the investment in the assets of the company. Profit margin: This is the ratio that helps in the calculation of the return on the sales. This is the profitability ratio which measures the amount of the return that the company is earning on the sales that is being generated by the company. The net income also compares the net income and the net sales of the company. The profit margin shows the % of the sales that is left after the payment of all the expenses (Accounting course, 2016).The above merely shows that the company is earning losses. The company was earning profits during the early years but the operations are being carried out wherein the company is earning losses (Accounting tools, 2016). The company is incurring losses which means that the company consuming all its profits and all the necessary measures must be undertaken so that the company could start earning profits again. Asset turnover: This is the efficiency ratio of the company which helps in the measurement of the generated sales from the assets that have been employed by the company (My accounting course, 2016). Sales/net operating assets (NOA) 0.41 0.44 0.50 0.46 The above shows that the return that is being used for the purposes of generating the sales has reduced. Economic profit: Economic profit consists of revenue minus implicit (opportunity) and explicit (monetary) costs; accounting profit consists of revenue minus explicit costs (Boundless, 2016). (RNOA - cost of capital) x net operating assets (NOA) (1,451.5) (169.4) (196.0) 469.0 This is negative which is not for the company. NPV and IRR: The net present value of the company comes out to be positive with the rate of return to be 14%. In case, the internal rate of return that is company wants comes tout to be 10% or less than 14%, then it would be wise for the company to accept the investment in this project since then the company would be in profit rather than being in losses. Recommendations: Taking into base ratio analysis: If we check out the net profit margin ratio, it clearly depicts that Company is in decreasing order which implies that profitability is reducing. Hence it is advisable that steps must be taken to increase the sale by initiating the marketing as well as simultaneously cost must be reduced (Accounting tools, 2016). Also, the economic profit shows huge decrease even negative. This scenario clearly predicts that the company is not showing good performance. Taking into consideration the same it is required to undertake initiative so that the performance of the company could be increase. Moreover, The company was earning profits during the early years but the operations are being carried out wherein the company is earning losses. The company is incurring losses which means that the company consuming all its profits and all the necessary measures must be undertaken so that the company could start earning profits again. For NPV and IRR: Net present value for the investment is positive which implies that proposed investment must be undertaken so positive NPV clearly depicts that the product could be undertaken without any hassle. Thus as already stated The net present value of the company comes out to be positive with the rate of return to be 14%. In case, the internal rate of return that is company wants comes tout to be 10% or less than 14%, then it would be wise for the company to accept the investment in this project since then the company would be in profit rather than being in losses (Accounting tools, 2016). References: Accountingtools.com. (2016).Return on Operating Assets - AccountingTools. Difference Between Economic and Accounting Profit. (2016).Boundless. My Accounting Course. (2016).Asset Turnover Ratio | Analysis | Formula | Example. My Accounting Course. (2016).Asset Turnover Ratio | Analysis | Formula | Example. My Accounting Course. (2016).Current Ratio | Formula | Analysis | Example. My Accounting Course. (2016).Days Sales in Inventory Ratio | Analysis | Formula | Example. My Accounting Course. (2016).Debt to Equity Ratio | Formula | Analysis | Example. My Accounting Course. (2016).Earnings Per Share | Formula | Analysis | Example. My Accounting Course. (2016).Equity Ratio | Formula | Analysis | Example. My Accounting Course. (2016).Price Earnings P/E Ratio | Analysis | Formula | Example.